1) Learners noted higher levels of intercultural competence regarding both equally intercultural performance and intercultural conversation consciousness just after completion from the programmes (such as cultural trade, summer season college and repair learning programmes). The influence was significant for all 3 varieties of programme.

two) Members confirmed far more beneficial perceptions about Mainland China and even more good attitudes toward its people today immediately after joining the programmes. Both equally summer season term and service finding out programmes had a significant and optimistic impression on students’ progress on this spot.

three) The programmes promoted students’ identification using the identity of the Chinese citizen, the perceived worth of your identity of the Chinese citizen and university research funding as a member of the Chinese race, likewise because the perceived strengths of all 4 sorts of identities (like a Hong Kong citizen, a Chinese citizen, a citizen with the PRC, as well as a member in the Chinese race).

4) Far more improvement in intercultural communication consciousness was observed in students with prior experiences in becoming a member of these types of programmes and those with increased anticipations in regards to the programmes enhancing this developmental outcome.

five) A greater parental academic amount was linked with a lot more beneficial variations of students’ perceptions about Mainland China, less enhance inside their self-identification to be a Hong Kong citizen, as well as in their perceived strength and worth of this identity.

6) Pupils without having prior experiences in almost any short-term study-in-China programmes confirmed extra optimistic alterations within their identity being a citizen on the PRC, and their perceived strength and importance of this id than those who had joined these kinds of programmes right before.

seven) Within the individual level, potent inner inspiration, constructive and proactive attitudes toward the programmes, and openness to new encounters were being recognized as vital things contributing to students’ understanding gains within the programmes.

eight) For the programme stage, very motivational friends, liable and well-informed lecturers, and large programme quality (with very clear aims, carefully-designed activities and suitable schedules) have been perceived as facilitators to students’ effective understanding gains.

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Main Findings of the Analyze